Process of hydrating turpentine and like matters



Patented Sept. 28, 1943 aUiNITiED TorsterrHasselstrom,v Savairnahl; assiefror, ,te

j G and f. Al `Labor4a ,tories, Inc., Savannah, Ga., :a

vcorporation of YGeorgia l No' Drawing.

iiiiitlieatieif otebetsr, `119311 I Serial No. 238,.0S5 115e15dtms. wijzen-*dew ""Mafny firoce es re by'which turreniine as araW material-ifm; v'th-rriaking of alpha-ter- Perieol -bytpmessea kmr-Wn vtri-.tile taria. nThe liquid terpenes obtaii1ed l aiter' theuspaiatiqii. of; herrin hydrate, or the original crude semi-solidupper 1 aye r,may -rbe y subjected 51:9 distllapion-insteam or suberheated stearrr or otherwieeqto a` fraetional v distllatiorr,.1preeraloly with the prier jadditioriv of Vani alkali, arr ,earth alkali, Y,or a g carbortatejA Jfor neiiiraiizing any Qftiaiysi .and/Q1 mineraiaqid present. AThedistillationresults in a separation of bij cyclic terpernesj, mondeyelid terperres, and pine oil.v Theiractional distillation may be carried out at ordinary pressure, but it is preferred to employ' a, reduced pressure to avoid aniVdecomposition of thi'ma'erals. v

"The following 'ii'ainjl'eswill" s'e've` tfillustrate the inventiombut are ,not restrctiveas lto the details set outtherein:

percent Suliuric. acid, and 25 g.of crude Apseudopimaric t aidsulfonate pyreparedv as A ighevaf ore saidpateris) were stirred, at room temperature V.for'42 Jntcuirs..l

' g, of v crude terpiir hydratelwas obtained. ,The

vIafery may' be directly r :fm1 liquid vcomprised about a6 g; of li'didter- Wood indented Guides-@tifare.turpettite rented 'Sulfate' turperitinegy er :textures thereof may i be employed.v

f The recovered 'acids of fthe QlAOWeI tette then be washed with water as stated above, and preferably with water containing crude pseudopimaric acid sulfonate to compensate losses thereof: this wash liquor may be mixed with the liquid iiltrate, and permitted to stand so that the water separates. This water is then drawn oiT, and the oily portions are then subjected to the further agitation, followed by a separation of further crude terpin hydrate, which is puried as above. This operation can be repeated a number of times until the remaining quantities of liquid are very small.

Further, it is practical to accomplish the initial separation in successive operations, as by agitating the original mixture of turpentine, mineral acid, and sulfonate until a limited quantity of the semi-solid mass is produced, then separating the liquid lower layer from the solid mass and con-` tinuing with further agitation of the liquid lower layer.

Example II Refractive Frac Pres- Density tion sure B. P at 25 C. lrgxcat Yield Percent 28 'ii-68 0. 8538 1.46304 68 21 28 68-75 0. R562 l. 46424 22 10 28 75-80 0. 8576 1.46652 1S 8. 2 28 S0-85 0. 8593 1. 47046 18 8. 2 28 85-90 0. S637 1.47616 19 8. 6 28 90-95 0. 8752 l. 48007 6 2. 5 7 85-105 0.9152 1.48007 11 5 7 105-107 0. 9355 1 48050 42 19. 5

4The fractions 1-4 represent practically pure bi-cyclic terpenes; the fractions 5 and 6, monocyclic terpenes; and fractions 7 and 8, hydrated terpenes, commonly known to the art as pine oil.

Similar conversions can be effected by substituting for the pseudopimaric acid sulfonate as a catalyst and/or emulsier, corresponding quantities of sulfonated rosin, sulfonated rosin oil, sulfonatecl abietenes, sulfonated resin acids, and/or mixtures of such catalysts. These materials as a vgroup may be termed sulfonates of resin radicals.

In Example I above, the mineral acid' was stated to be of 25 percent. concentration. Similar results can be obtained at concentrations between 5 and 50 percent,` but it is, preferred to employ a concentration between 15 and 30 percent. The quantity of acid solution utilized will vary according to the concentrationof the. acid, in a manner understood in the art.

The bi-cyclic terpene fractions obtained may be usefully employed as a superior gum spirits of turpentine in paints and as solvents.

Among the products obtainable according to the aforesaid exampleisa composition ofmatter comprising pine oilandA containing. from '1 to `25 percent of the sulfonate material utilized as a catalyst for the reaction. YThisV material is excellently adapted for employment as-a dyeing `vehicle and assistant -for textiles, for effecting penetration O f the -dyestuisint@ the textile.

particular, the liquid fraction obtained by ltering the semi-solid mass can be employed directly for this purpose, as it includes pine oil and pseudopimaric acid sulfonate, in the practice of Example I. Likewise, fractions 7 and 8 of Example II may have pseudopimaric acid sulfonate admixed therein in a percentage from a fraction of a percent up to, say, 25 percent, in preparing the l composition for such purposes.

It is obvious that the invention is not limited toithe specic examples given, but that it may be modied in many ways within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A process of hydrating pinche-containing materials, which comprises mixing the material with dilute mineral acid and a substance selected from the group consisting of pseudopimaric acid sulfonate, sulfonated rosin, sulfonated rosin oils, sulfonated abietenes, and sulfonated'resin acids, agitating, and withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer containing terpin hydrate.

2. Alprocess `of hydrating pinene-containing materials, which ycomprises-mixing the material with dilute Amineral acid and pseudopimaric .acid sulfonate, agitating, and withdrawing a Vve rto -fty'percent and with a sulfonate -of a resin radical, agitating until a semi-solid fupper `layersis formedVwithdrawing the upper'layer,

and' continuing-the agitation of the liquid for obtaining a further quantity of semi-solid ma- 'terial as an upper layer' thereon.

'5.l A vprocess of hydrating pinche-containing materials-which comprises mixing the material ywithqdilutemineral acid and a substance se- -lected fromrthe group consisting of pseudopimarictacidsulfonate, sulfonatedrosin, sulfonatedy rosin oils, sulfonated abietenes, and sulfonated resin acids, agitating, withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer, washing the same `and separatinga solid and -a liquid fraction, `and Ysubjecting the liquid fraction to distillation for `producingseparate fractions of cyclic terpenes and hydrated terpenes.

6.,Y IA process of making hydrated terpenes from pinene-containing materials, which comprises `mixing the material with dilute mineral acid and a substance-selectedvfrom the group consisting of pseudopimaric acid `sulfonte, sulfonated rosin,sulfonated `rosin oils, sulfonated abietenes, andsulfonated resin acids, agitating, withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer, separatingsaid upper layer` into a-solid-and a liquid component,

and distilling the liquid component under reduced pressure `and'Irecovering a fraction having a boiling point between and 107 C. at a pressure of 7 millimeters.

`abietenes,andsulfonated resin acids, agitating,

terpene fraction boiling at 64 to 85 C. under a 1 pressure of 28 millimeters.

8. A process of obtaining terpin hydraterfroinv vpinene-containing materials, which comprises mixing the material with dilute mineral acid and pseudopimaric acid sulfonate, agitating the mixture at room temperature, and withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer containingr terpin hydrate.

9. A process of obtaining a solvent comprising loi-cyclic terpenes fromvpinene-containing materials, which comprises mixing the material with dilute mineral acid and pseudopimaric acid sulfonate, agitating the mixture at room temperature and withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer, separating said semi-solid upper layer into a solid component and a liquid component, and subjecting the liquid component to fractional distillation and thereby recovering a bi-cyclic terpene fraction boiling at 64 to 85 C. under a pressure of 28 millimeters. y

10. A process of preparing terpin hydrate which comprises agitating turpentine with dilute mineral acid and a sulfonate of a resin radical until a semi-solid mass is formed, which separates upon standingas an upper layer, withdrawing the upper layer and subjecting it to ltration and washing to remove original mate-- rials and terpenes therefrom, dissolving the residual solid and crystallizing terpin hydrate therefrom.

11. A process of hydrating pinche-containing materials, which comprises mixing the material turpentine, which comprises mixing the turpentine with dilute mineral acid and a substance selected from the group consisting of pseudoprimar/ic acid sulfonate, sulfonated rosin, sulfonated rosin oils, sulfonated abietenes, and sulfonated resin acids, agitating, withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer, washing the same and separating into a solid and a liquid fraction, and separating terpin hydrate from the solid fraction.l y

13. A process of hydrating pinche-containing materials, which comprises mixing the material with dilute mineral acid and pseudopimaric acid sulfonate, the mineral Aacid having a concentration between 5 and 50 percent, agitatin'g' y the mixture at room temperature, withdrawing a semi-solid upper layer and separating the same f into a solid component and a liquid component, said solid component substantially consisting of terpin hydrate and said liquid component comy v prising pine oil.

14. The process of preparing 'terpin hydrate materials, which comprises mixing the material with dilute mineral acid anda substance selected from the group consisting of pseudopimaric acid sulfoniate, sulfvonated rosin, sulionated rosin oils, sulfonated abietenes, and sulfonated resin acids, agitating, withdrawing-a, semi-solid' upper layer, washing the same and separating a solid n and a liquid fraction, neutralizing residual mineral acid in the liquid fraction, A.and subjecting the neutralized liquid fraction to distillation for producing separate fractions of cyclic terpenes and hydrated terpenes.

TORSTEN HASSELSTROM. 

